Infants younger than six months of age are particularly at risk for complications and death from pertussis. Complications include pneumonia bacterial or viral , seizures, ear infections, and dehydration, among others; in adults, rib fracture from coughing is also possible. The most common of these complications in infants is B. Immunization against pertussis is available for children via the combination DTaP diphtheria, tetanus, and acellular pertussis vaccine.
The DTaP vaccination replaced the previously used DTP shot, which protected against the same three diseases but used a whole-cell preparation in the pertussis component—that is, it contained inactivated, but complete, Bordetella pertussis bacteria. A similar combination vaccine called Tdap offers booster protection against tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis for adolescents and adults in certain situations. Immunization against pertussis is included on the U. This vaccine is given in several doses, with the first recommended at two months of age, and the last between age four and six years.
A booster dose of pertussis vaccine via the Tdap combined immunization is recommended for adolescents and also for adults over age Pregnant women are recommended to get a booster dose of Tdap during the third trimester of pregnancy. Your doctor can tell you more about when to consider a Tdap booster. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases. Atkinson, W. Pertussis cases by year, Pertussis: Summary of vaccine recommendations.
Paddock, C. Pathology and pathogenesis of fatal Bordetella pertussis infection in infants. Clinical Infect Dis. World Health Organization.
Immunization, Vaccines, and Biologicals. As of June 30, five deaths had been reported from pertussis, all among infants less than two months of age.
The CDC urged individuals to be sure that they were up to date on their pertussis immunizations, noting that while whooping cough is generally not as severe for adults, they are still contagious and can pass the disease on to children who are not yet fully immunized. Pertussis immunization is available as part of the DTaP vaccine for children and the Tdap booster vaccine for adults and adolescents.
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Because infants and toddlers are at greatest risk of complications from whooping cough, they're more likely to need treatment in a hospital. Complications can be life-threatening for infants younger than 6 months old. The best way to prevent whooping cough is with the pertussis vaccine, which doctors often give in combination with vaccines against two other serious diseases — diphtheria and tetanus. Doctors recommend beginning vaccination during infancy.
Side effects of the vaccine are usually mild and may include a fever, crankiness, headache, fatigue or soreness at the site of the injection. If you've been exposed to someone who has whooping cough, your doctor may recommend antibiotics to protect against infection if you:.
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Overview Whooping cough pertussis is a highly contagious respiratory tract infection. Request an Appointment at Mayo Clinic. Share on: Facebook Twitter. Show references Pertussis frequently asked questions.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Accessed Nov. Kasper DL, et al. Pertussis and other Bordatella infections. Antibiotics may prevent pertussis if given before symptoms begin. However, there are no data showing that widespread use of PEP among contacts of people with pertussis works well to control or limit the size of pertussis outbreaks.
Another important consideration is the overuse of antibiotics. CDC is engaged in actively promoting the appropriate use of antibiotics among healthcare professionals and patients. See PEP guidance. Public health officials may consider active screening for symptomatic patients with suspected pertussis during outbreaks in settings such as schools, day care centers, and hospitals. Active screening for suspected cases may:. Learn more about pertussis surveillance and reporting.
Skip directly to site content Skip directly to page options Skip directly to A-Z link. Pertussis Whooping Cough. Section Navigation. Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Syndicate. Minus Related Pages. Identifying Pertussis Outbreaks. Protecting Babies To reduce the risk of pertussis in new mothers and their young babies, CDC recommends that pregnant women receive Tdap vaccine during each pregnancy.
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