The plane then flipped over and sped toward the ground at upwards of miles per hour, crashing in a rural field near Shanksville in western Pennsylvania at a. All 44 people aboard were killed. Its intended target is not known, but theories include the White House , the U. Capitol, the Camp David presidential retreat in Maryland or one of several nuclear power plants along the eastern seaboard. Citizens of 78 countries died in New York, Washington, D.
At the World Trade Center, 2, died after the two planes slammed into the twin towers. That figure includes firefighters and paramedics, 23 New York City police officers and 37 Port Authority police officers who were struggling to complete an evacuation of the buildings and save the office workers trapped on higher floors.
At the Pentagon, people were killed, including 64 on American Airlines Flight 77, the airliner that struck the building. On Flight 93 , 44 people died when the plane crash-landed in Pennsylvania. Bush , who was in Florida at the time of the attacks and had spent the day being shuttled around the country because of security concerns, returned to the White House.
These acts shatter steel, but they cannot dent the steel of American resolve. In a reference to the eventual U. Within two months, U. Osama bin Laden, the mastermind behind the September 11th attacks, remained at large until May 2, , when he was finally tracked down and killed by U. In June , then-President Barack Obama announced the beginning of large-scale troop withdrawals from Afghanistan; it took until August for all U.
It was signed into law by President George W. Bush on November 25, Today, the Department of Homeland Security is a cabinet responsible for preventing terror attacks, border security, immigrations and customs and disaster relief and prevention. Mohammed led propaganda operations for al Qaeda from In August , a U. On the first day of trading after the attacks, the market fell 7. The heaviest losses were in finance and air transportation, which accounted for 60 percent of lost jobs.
Thousands of first responders and people working and living in lower Manhattan near Ground Zero were exposed to toxic fumes and particles emanating from the towers as they burned and fell. The Victim Compensation Fund was set to stop accepting claims in December The first memorials to September 11 came in the immediate wake of the attacks, with candlelight vigils and flower tributes at U. For the first anniversary of the attacks in New York City in , two bright columns of light were shot up into the sky from where the Twin Towers once stood.
On clear nights, the beams are visible from over 60 miles away. It took another decade, spanning three presidents, to honor their wishes. And the way the war in Afghanistan finally ended intensified public discontent.
Seven in ten Americans believe that we failed to achieve our goals in Afghanistan—a somewhat smaller majority says the same about the invasion of Iraq. We will never know whether Americans would have a more optimistic assessment if the withdrawal had been less abrupt and better organized.
On the one-year anniversary of the terrorist attacks, Americans thought, by a margin of two to one, that these events had changed the United States for the better. On the 10th anniversary, the evaluation had turned negative, and on the 20th anniversary, even more so.
A turning point came in May , when U. Over the next decade, U. Meanwhile, public support for the decision to use force in Afghanistan, which had been widespread at the start of the conflict, declined. Today, after the tumultuous exit of U. Throughout the contentious, yearlong debate before the U.
As with the case with U. Since then, sizable majorities have continued to cite that as a top policy priority. Majorities of both Republicans and Democrats have consistently ranked terrorism as a top priority over the past two decades, with some exceptions.
Republicans and Republican-leaning independents have remained more likely than Democrats and Democratic leaners to say defending the country from future attacks should be a top priority. In recent years, the partisan gap has grown larger as Democrats began to rank the issue lower relative to other domestic concerns. The only time when concerns were elevated was in February , shortly before the start of the U. This declined to about four-in-ten from to Last year, only a quarter of Americans said that terrorism was a very big problem.
This year, prior to the U. Still, recent events in Afghanistan raise the possibility that opinion could be changing, at least in the short term. Just as Americans largely endorsed the use of U. In the days following the attack, for example, majorities favored a requirement that all citizens carry national ID cards, allowing the CIA to contract with criminals in pursuing suspected terrorists and permitting the CIA to conduct assassinations overseas when pursuing suspected terrorists.
For most of the next two decades, more Americans said their bigger concern was that the government had not gone far enough in protecting the country from terrorism than said it went too far in restricting civil liberties. The public also did not rule out the use of torture to extract information from terrorist suspects.
In a survey of 40 nations, the U. Concerned about a possible backlash against Muslims in the U. Bush gave a speech to the Islamic Center in Washington, D.
This spirit of unity and comity was not to last. Republicans, in particular, increasingly came to associate Muslims and Islam with violence. But within the next few years, most Republicans and GOP leaners said Islam was more likely than other religions to encourage violence. Democrats consistently have been far less likely than Republicans to associate Islam with violence.
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